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In this study, the authors have explored lived experiences of the mothers who have children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The study explored the lived experiences of the mothers of children with ASD, including but not limited to the mothers' stress, behavioral difficulties, coping strategies, religious, and social support related experiences. This study incorporated the factors that played a part in mothers' experiences about ASD and whether they receive enough social and educational support. Most mothers are part of the middle and upper-middle class as they can afford extensive therapies for their children. An interpretive phenomenological approach was adopted using 15 interviews conducted in the sociocultural context of Karachi. The interviews gave an in-depth analysis, showing the mothers to be loving and caring towards their child from the start of the journey. This article highlights the lack of institutional as well as emotional support for special populations in Pakistan; thus, the findings are crucial for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education that has the potential to promote lifelong learning opportunities for all. This study is a preliminary research that explores experiences of primary caregivers dealing with ASD; hence, it has the ability to set the premise for dialog around inclusivity as well as future research including an onset for a comparative analysis between mothers from lower classes as compared to those from middle and upper classes.

Australian providers of mental health services and support for young people include private and public allied health providers, government initiatives (eg, headspace), nongovernment organizations (eg, Kids Helpline), general practitioners (GPs), and the hospital system. Over 20 years of research has established that many young people prefer to seek mental health support online; however, clear client pathways within and between online and offline mental health services are currently lacking. The authors propose a Digital Mental Health Practice model of care for youth to assist with digital mental health service mapping. The proposed model offers accessible pathways for a client to engage with digital mental health services, provides clear navigation to access support for individual needs, and facilitates a seamless connection with offline mental health services using a transferable electronic health records system. This future-looking model also includes emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and the metaverse, which must be accounted for as potential tools to be leveraged for digital therapies and support systems. The urgent need for a user-centered Digital Mental Health Practice model of care for youth in Australia is discussed, highlighting the shortcomings of traditional and existing online triage models evident during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the complex challenges that must be overcome, such as the integration of diverse mental health care providers and establishment of a robust electronic health records system. Potential benefits of such a model include reduced pressure on emergency rooms, improved identification of immediate needs, enhanced referral practices, and the establishment of a cost-efficient national digital mental health care model with global applicability. The authors conclude by stressing the consequences of inaction, warning that delays may lead to more complex challenges as new technologies emerge and exacerbate the long-term negative consequences of poor mental health management on the economic and biopsychosocial well-being of young Australians.

Objective To examine the relationship between parental depression and cooperative coparenting among couples over the first 5 years after a birth. Background Previous research has considered how depression affects coparenting but has not focused on the association as a longitudinal and dyadic process. Understanding coparenting is important as it is linked to parents' and children's well‐being. Method Data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing (FFCW) study were analyzed using actor–partner interdependence models. The FFCW follows families and their children as part of a birth cohort of children who were born in large urban cities of the United States in the late 1990s. Results The actor–partner interdependence models indicated that (a) parents' depression is associated with decreased coparenting perceptions for both mothers and fathers, and the effects endure over time; (b) fathers' depression was also associated with mothers' perceptions of cooperative coparenting over the later years; and (c) differences between mothers and fathers emerged only during the early years, with the effect of depression on coparenting being larger for fathers than mothers. Conclusion The results not only highlight the importance of both parents' mental health on coparenting but also the added role that fathers' depression plays in shaping their own and their partners' perceptions of coparenting. Implications Policy makers and family practitioners who are invested in building healthy families may find it valuable to screen for and treat mental illness in the context of creating programs to increase cooperative coparenting.

Medical students report a growing prevalence of mental health illnesses due to the medical school curriculum being considered challenging, lengthy, and leaving little time for leisure. Currently, several mental health apps are available and hold promise in terms of the diagnosis, monitoring, and management of mental health disorders. This study aimed to investigate medical students’ habits, attitudes, and intentions about using mental health applications. A survey questionnaire given to one hundred and thirty-three Moroccan medical students at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca and answered by one hundred and eleven of them was used to collect primary data. Improvements in the management and monitoring of mental health illnesses as well as a reduction in environmental costs as a result of a decrease in patient travel to mental healthcare facilities are the most obvious reasons why medical students perceive mental health applications to be useful. The findings also indicate that medical students are less familiar with mental health apps and use them less frequently than other mobile health apps. Furthermore, downloading a mental health app, being diagnosed with mental health issues, and perceiving mobile mental health apps to be useful don’t ensure their active use among medical students. Therefore, more research on the determinants of the use of mobile mental health apps is needed. Those related to environmental protection must also be considered.

Somali refugee youth present with a heightened risk for common mental disorders (CMDs), and yet few studies have discussed factors influencing mental health outcomes after psychosocial interventions. This study aimed to identify key factors that contribute to the improvement of CMD symptoms among Somali youth displaced in urban Kenya. Logistic regression analyses revealed that trauma exposure and emotional coping predict overall symptom improvement, pointing to a differential intervention effect on those with differing levels of religious belief and attitudes toward violence. This study provides insights into how psychosocial factors likely contribute to positive intervention outcomes in Somali refugee youth.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a youth relationship education program (YREP) on psychological functioning and to understand the mechanisms associated with change in distress. Background Successfully (or unsuccessfully) navigating romantic relationships is a robust predictor of adolescent mental health. Youth relationship education programs have been found to promote adaptive relationship knowledge, attitudes, and skills; however, little research has examined how such programs influence mental health. Method This study examined whether significant reductions in psychological distress occurred for a diverse sample of adolescents (N = 113) completing a YREP. The study also explored whether the curriculum, Love Notes 3.0, was effective in reducing distress due to changes in hope and compromising conflict‐resolution behaviors. Results From pretest to posttest, psychological distress decreased for young women but not for young men. Furthermore, reductions in distress were associated with simultaneous increases in hope, but not reductions in conflict‐resolution behaviors. Conclusion YREPs can assist in improving youth's knowledge about adaptive relational dynamics while also significantly improving psychological functioning, primarily through increasing hope. Implications YREPs may be beneficial for youth's mental health, and hope may play an important role. Encouraging youth to set clear goals and promoting self‐efficacy for behaviors that enact those goals may be helpful considerations for those serving youth (and particularly adolescent young men) in YREPs.

Objectives To assess mental health and life conditions in adolescents with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) and healthy controls quarantined during COVID-19 pandemic. Method A cross-sectional study included 155 ARD adolescents and 105 healthy controls. Online survey included self-reported strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ), and a semi-structured questionnaire with demographic data, daily home and school routine, physical activities, and COVID-19 information during the pandemic. Results Among patients, 56% had juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), 29% juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE), and 15% juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). No differences were found regarding sex, ethnicity, and current age between ARD patients and controls ( p  > 0.05). Abnormal emotional SDQ (38% vs. 35%, p  = 0.653) were similar in both groups. Logistic regression analyses in ARD patients demonstrated that female (OR = 2.4; 95%CI 1.0–6.0; p  = 0.044) was associated with severe emotional SDQ dysfunction, whereas sleep problems were considered as a risk factor for both worse total SDQ (OR = 2.6; 95%CI 1.2–5.5; p  = 0.009) and emotional SDQ scores (OR = 4.6; 95%CI 2.2–9.7; p  < 0.001). Comparisons between ARD patients with and without current prednisone use showed higher median scores of peer problems in the first group [3 (0–10) vs. 2 (0–7), p  = 0.049], whereas similar median and frequencies between JIA, JSLE, and JDM ( p  > 0.05). Conclusions Approximately one third of JIA, JSLE, and JDM patients presented abnormal total and emotional scores of SDQ during COVID-19 quarantine. Sleep problems were the main factor associated with emotional difficulties in these ARD adolescents. The knowledge of mental health issues rates in adolescents with ARD supports the development of prevention strategies, like sleep hygiene counseling, as well as the references of the affected patients to specialized mental health services, as necessary. Key Points • One third of ARD patients presented mental health issues during COVID-19 quarantine • Sleep problems were associated with emotional difficulties. • It is necessary to warn pediatric rheumatologists about the importance of sleep hygiene counseling.

A global migration crisis has resulted in unprecedented numbers of refugees coming to Canada and other countries. A third of these refugees are youth, arriving with family members or alone. Although specific circumstances differ widely, refugee youth need support with language learning, education, and adjusting to a new country; a significant number also need mental health services. For this review paper, we focused on mental health issues and challenges refugee youth face, as well as counselling practices that have been found to be effective with these youth. There has been very little research specifically focused on refugee-youth mental health in Canada; however, the studies cited come from Canada, the United States, Australia, and European countries that have much similarity in their approaches to mental health counselling and psychotherapy. An overview of the refugee-youth context is presented first, followed by a description of refugee mental health issues and challenges, a discussion of barriers to engagement with mental health services, and suggestions for effective mental health counselling practices for this population. The paper concludes with a summary of key findings from the literature and suggestions for future research to address the gaps in knowledge. Given the adversities many young refugees experience premigration, during migration, and after resettlement, it is not surprising that they experience mental health problems. Despite difficulties, young refugees demonstrate adaptability, perseverance, and resilience; having mental health professionals acknowledge their strengths and abilities will help them on their healing path and support them to adapt positively to a new home. La crise mondiale de la migration a donné lieu à l'arrivée d'un nombre sans précédent de réfugiés au Canada et dans d'autres pays. Un tiers de ces réfugiés sont des jeunes, qui sont accompagnés de leur famille ou qui sont seuls. Bien que les circonstances particulières varient énormément, ces derniers ont besoin d'aide pour l'apprentissage de la langue, l'éducation et l'adaptation à leur pays d'adoption; un grand nombre d'entre eux ont aussi besoin de services en santé mentale. Cet article de synthèse est axé sur les problèmes de santé mentale et les difficultés que vivent les jeunes réfugiés, ainsi que sur les pratiques de counseling qui se sont révélées efficaces auprès de ce groupe. Très peu de recherches se sont concentrées sur la santé mentale des jeunes réfugiés au Canada. Les études citées proviennent du Canada ainsi que des États-Unis, d'Australie et de pays d'Europe qui présentent de nombreuses similitudes dans leurs façons de traiter les dossiers et les difficultés concernant le counseling en santé mentale et la psychothérapie. L'article fait un compte rendu de la situation des jeunes réfugiés, suivi d'une description des problèmes et des difficultés en santé mentale qui leur sont propres, et d'une discussion sur les obstacles à l'engagement des services en santé mentale, puis des suggestions de pratiques de counseling efficaces parmi cette population. L'article se termine par un sommaire des principaux résultats tirés de la littérature et par des suggestions de recherches futures en vue de combler les lacunes dans les connaissances sur le sujet. Étant donné les nombreux obstacles que connaissent les jeunes réfugiés avant leur arrivée, durant leur déplacement et après leur installation dans un pays d'accueil, on ne peut s'étonner du fait qu'ils présentent des problèmes de santé mentale. En dépit de ces difficultés, ces jeunes gens font preuve d'adaptabilité, de persévérance et de résilience. L'appui de professionnels de la santé mentale qui reconnaissent leurs forces et leurs aptitudes contribuera à leur rétablissement et les aidera à s'adapter positivement à leur nouveau pays.

In this study, we surveyed 635 participants to determine: (a) major causes of mental stress during the pandemic and its future impacts, and (b) diversity in public perception of the COVID-19 vaccination and its acceptance (specifically for children). Statistical results and intelligent clustering outcomes indicate significant associations between sociodemographic diversity, mental stress causes, and vaccination perception. For instance, statistical results indicate significant dependence between gender (we will use term 'sex' in the rest of the manuscript) and mental stress due to COVID-19 infection ( = 1.7 × 10 ). Over 25% of males indicated work-related stress compared to 35% in females, however, females indicated that they were more stressed (17%) due to relationships compared to males (12%). Around 30% of Asian/Arabic participants do not feel that the vaccination is safe as compared to 8% of white British and 22% of white Europeans, indicating significant dependence ( = 1.8 × 10 ) with ethnicity. More specifically, vaccination acceptance for children is significantly dependent with ethnicity ( = 3.7 × 10 ) where only 47% participants show willingness towards children's vaccination. The primary dataset in this study along with experimental outcomes identifying sociodemographic information diversity with respect to public perception and acceptance of vaccination in children and potential stress factors might be useful for the public and policymakers to help them be better prepared for future epidemics, as well as working globally to combat mental health issues.

Introduction This mixed‐method study explores psychological needs, access and barriers in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with and without mental health issues (MHI) within the German healthcare system. Methods This study was conducted in three different healthcare settings: two hospitals, two rehabilitation clinics and three cardiology practices in Cologne, Germany. Patients were screened for angiographically documented CHD and other inclusion criteria. In total, 364 CHD patients took part in this study. It consisted of two parts: In the first part, participants filled in a newly developed questionnaire about their psychological needs, access and barriers within the healthcare system and their contact with their doctor in these matters. Then, patients were screened for MHIs with the help of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). When a score above seven was scored on the HADS, patients were additionally screened for specific MHIs using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV Axis I Disorders. In the second part, 20 participants were subsequently interviewed in a semi‐structured interview to generate more in‐depth findings. Results The interviews show that CHD patients with and without MHI experienced a cardiac event as life‐changing and had an urgent need to talk about CHD with their doctor, mostly the general practitioner (GP). When the GP spoke to the patient shortly after the cardiac event, patients experienced relief and were better able to cope with their illness. Only 9.1% reported being aided in their search for psychotherapeutic treatment or drug treatment (4.1%). Conclusion The needs of CHD patients with and without MHI were not adequately satisfied within our sample. Psychological measures are necessary for sufficient improvement, such as training of doctors in doctor–patient communication (e.g., better support in coping with MHI/CHD), improvements in the procedure (more time for conversations during doctor contacts), and improvement of structural requirements (referring patients faster to psychotherapists). Patient or Public Contribution We received input from patients during pretests and used the feedback to tailor our questionnaire and the interview guidelines. Afterwards, we disseminated the main results for the patient and public involvement (e.g., public lectures, leaflets for self‐help groups, etc.).